Answer:
The answer is c
I'm helping you since you helped me so i hope this helps :)
Answer:
Rule of law is a legal maxim that suggests that no one is above the law and governmental decisions must be made only by applying known legal and moral principles.[1] The Rule of Law limits the powers of Government by judicial defense of laws and the Constitution which is based on recognized basic legal values, established in international law. The Rule of Law is meant to prevent dictatorship and to protect the rights of the people.
The Rule of Law is especially important as an influence on the economic development in developing and transitional countries.[2] Constitutional economics is the study of government spending, which, in many transitional and developing countries, is completely controlled by the executive. The standards of constitutional economics can be used during annual budget process. The availability of an effective court system, to be used by the civil society in courts in situations of unfair governmental distribution of national money is a key element for the success of the rule-of-law in developing countries.[3]
To date, the term “rule of law” has been used primarily in the English-speaking countries. The originally German doctrine of Rechtsstaat is similar, and has been translated into other languages of continental Europe as État de droit (Fr.), Estado de derecho (Sp.), Stato di diritto (It.), and Правовое государство (Ru.). Rechsstaat can be translated into English as “legal state” or "constitutional state". [4]
Rule of law is also a main purpose of Council of Europe for solidarity and international peace.
Explanation:
Answer:
The main threat to internal validity here is History.
Explanation:
Internal validity refers to how well a research is conducted. Internal validity determines if it's the independent variable (or another factor) that caused or resulted in the change in the dependent variable.
History here alludes to the internal validity threat that refers to events outside of the experimental setting (increase in cigarette taxes) that may affect the dependent variable (smoking cessation).
Answer:
Be installed / the free-rider problem.
Explanation:
The free-rider problem is the definition to a market failure in which those who benefit from a certain resource (in this case the security system) does not pay for said resource. In this case, given that the security system will cover the whole building, those (like Tom) that do not pay will continue to benefit from it regardless.