Answer:
The correct answer is C production of FAD to FADH2 by the citric acid cycle represent the energetic capacity to synthesize about 1.5 ATP.
Explanation:
Citric acid cycle is one of most important stage of cellular respiration.Citric acid cycle or TCA cycle composed of various enzyme catalyzed biochemical reaction.
various reduced coenzymes are produced during TCA cycle such as NADH,FADH2.FADH2 is formed from FAD during the conversion of succinate to fumarate.
The FADH2 then enter electron transport chain to oxidize itself into FAD along with the generation of 1.5 ATP.
The variable that researchers manipulate is the independent variable.
The reason for this is because in experiments different manipulations are often introduced. The sole purpose of these manipulations is to see whether they will affect our independent variable and if they will change its value.
The correct option is D. This is because, mucus, inflammation and fever perform different functions in the immune system.The mucus membrane produces mucus which traps microbes. Inflammation refers to a localized tissue response which occurs when a tissue is damaged. Fever inhibits bacterial growth and speed up the rate of healing of a damaged tissue.
The answer is actually 4.4 billion years, but i guess you can estimate to 4.5
