There are various theories on the origin of the nickname "Honest Abe." When Abraham Lincoln was working as a clerk in a store in New Salem, he once took 6 1/4 cents too much from a customer. That night when the store closed, he walked three miles to return the woman's money. Another time a customer who asked for 1/2 pound of tea was mistakenly given only 1/4 pound because Lincoln had absent-mindedly left a 1/4 weight on the scales. Very early in the morning, when he discovered the mistake, he walked a long way to give the customer the right amount of tea. Another theory is that it had to do with Lincoln's honesty in judging horse races in the New Salem area. A final possibility was his habit from early on in his legal career to charge little or no legal fees when he knew his client was poor. Other Lincoln nicknames included "The Rail Splitter," "The Great Emancipator," and "Father Abraham." "The Great Emancipator" refers to Lincoln's issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation and his strong support of the Thirteenth Amendment which ended slavery in the United States. "Father Abraham" refers to Lincoln's leadership during the Civil War and his goal of ending slavery.
The Illinois Republican State Convention was held in Decatur in 1860. During that convention, John Hanks, Abraham Lincoln's cousin, carried two rails down the aisle. He also carried a banner which said, "ABRAHAM LINCOLN The Rail Candidate for President in 1860 Two rails from a lot of 3,000 made in 1830 by John Hanks and Abe Lincoln, whose father was the first pioneer in Macon County." Hanks became famous for his role in creating the "Rail Splitter" candidate for President! Thus, this nickname recalled the days when, as a young man, Lincoln had split logs to make fence rails.
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Slavery has historically been widespread in Africa. Systems of servitude and slavery were common in parts of Africa in ancient times, as they were in much of the rest of the ancient world.[1] When the Trans-Saharan slave trade, Indian Ocean slave trade and Atlantic slave trade (which started in the 16th century)[2] began, many of the pre-existing local African slave systems began supplying captives for slave markets outside Africa.[3][4]
Slavery in historical Africa was practised in many different forms: Debt slavery, enslavement of war captives, military slavery, slavery for prostitution, and criminal slavery were all practised in various parts of Africa.[5] Slavery for domestic and court purposes was widespread throughout Africa.[6] Plantation slavery also occurred, primarily on the eastern coast of Africa and in parts of West Africa.[7] The importance of domestic plantation slavery increased during the 19th century, due to the abolition of the Atlantic slave trade.[8] Many African states dependent on the international slave trade reoriented their economies towards legitimate commerce worked by slave labor.
Explanation:
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On this day in 1803, the Supreme Court, led by Chief Justice John Marshall, decides the landmark case of William Marbury versus James Madison, Secretary of State of the United States and confirms the legal principle of judicial review–the ability of the Supreme Court to limit Congressional power by declaring legislation unconstitutional–in the new nation.