New York City is roughly 41° north of the equator, along the curved surface
of the ball-shaped Earth. In order for the sun to be at the Zenith ... to be
90° above the horizon and shine straight down on New York ... the equator
would have to be tilted 41° away from the plane in which the Earth's orbit
lies. But it isn't. It's only tilted about 23.5° away from that plane. So the
sun can never be directly overhead at any place that's more than 23.5°
away from the equator.
True: earths biosphere does not depend on earths atmosphere.
Answer - The Arctic Ocean has the lowest average salinity, especially due to low evaporation (caused by reduced temperature), but also by heavy freshwater inflow from rivers and
Oil reserves are the amount of technically and economically recoverable oil. Reserves may be for a well, for a reservoir, for a field, for a nation, or for the world. Different classifications of reserves are related to their degree of certainty.
The total estimated amount of oil in an oil reservoir, including both producible and non-producible oil, is called oil in place. However, because of reservoir characteristics and limitations in petroleum extraction technologies, only a fraction of this oil can be brought to the surface, and it is only this producible fraction that is considered to be reserves. The ratio of reserves to the total amount of oil in a particular reservoir is called the recovery factor. Determining a recovery factor for a given field depends on several features of the operation, including method of oil recovery used and technological developments.[1]
If the temperatures are increasing in a mountainous region, in order to be sure in that, the evidence can simply be obtained by the vegetation. The mountains tend to be warmer at the lower parts, and as the elevation increases, the temperature decreases. If it is a higher mountain, then we will see that there is certain type of vegetation in the lower parts, above it a belt of another vegetation type, above that one there's usually a belt of grasses, and the highest parts are usually with little to no vegetation. If the temperature increases though, then the vegetation from the bottom will start moving upwards, occupying larger portion, the second layer will move upwards as well, and the grasses will come around the top part of the mountain, with the barren part disappearing from the scene.
