c. Hierarchical environments where those at the top maintain the status quo out of self-interest.
Explanation:
This is usually the type of environments that give rise to revolutions. One of the most important factors in encouraging a revolution is the presence of inequality. Revolutions most often happen when a group feels disadvantaged and thinks that the system it is living under is unjust. For this to happen, you generally need the presence of a wealthier or more powerful group at the top. Moreover, this group must be exclusive, and interested in maintaining the status quo in order to benefit itself.
Clients ought to know how to respond to old problematic relational patterns in their interaction with their families. Their response or how they respond during this shows that they are growing