It’s the last one “it increased reliance on us government social assistance programs”
A, "Citizens elect leaders who vote on the issues in a representative democracy, and citizens vote on the issues in a direct democracy"
People started realizing that they could stimulate demand and make people want to buy things even though they might not think of them or might not need them. They figured how to use people's psychology against them, and the media was helpful because the media would also earn from this due to ads. This industry seriously began developing in the second half of the 19th century.