The Magna Carta was written due to tension between the unpopular King and a group of rebel barons. It was written in Windsor, England and "it promised the protection of church rights, protection for barons from illegal imprisonment, access to swift justice, and limitations on feudal payments to the Crown, to be implemented through a council of 25 barons."
It provided the minimal assistance initially but eventually increased assistance and market regulation because they wanted to show minimum capability to what they were doing and how they were doing it.
They were called a "patriot"
Because the only way (back then) to process and make sugar farms was through manual labor. Since the Americans didn't want to put effort onto their own sugar farms, Africans were forced to do the labor part for them.
