The answer is definitely D
D all 3 of them would be causes
The correct answer is Francis I
He was a French monarch who is believed to be the first renaissance king of France. He was known for his investments into arts and sciences, and also for making an alliance with Ottomans, more precisely with Suleiman the Magnificent, which was odd for the time period since he was a Christian, unlike the Ottomans.
That its good for everyone to catch up on there work and its easy to do