Pope urban II the crusades were necessary because they would result in the securing the holy land for the byzantine empire.
Answer: Option A
<u>Explanation:</u>
The Middle East was known as holy land during the 11th century. Christians were made pilgrimages since the 6th century to place their foot at the place where their religion was originated. But the Turks captured Jerusalem and barred the Christians from entering into it.
Also, they planned for invading the Byzantine Empire and taking control over Constantinople. So the Byzantine Emperor sought help from Pope Urban II since he was the significant reformer at that time. Urban made a remarkable speech in order to rise Crusade( fight against Turks) to reclaim and protect their holy land.
The most likely meaning of the word "redaction" based on its Latin affix is d) to repeat. The meaning of redaction is to "a form of editing in which multiple source texts are combined (redacted) and altered slightly to make a single document."
