Answer:
Keep fighting - advantage: the U.S. army had the upper hand in the war by the time Truman became president, and it was likely that military Japan for defeat would be only a matter of time (even if very costly if both money and lives).
Disadvantage - before considering (and making) the atomic bomb, defeating Japan required a full invasion of the Japanese archipelago, which would have been very costly, because the Japanese, even in face of defeat, would fight fiercely and defend each island. They would not surrender by any means.
Talk to the Japanese - advantage: holding negotiation talks with the Japanese would be less costly for American taxpayers, and result in less American deaths than invading Japan.
Disadvantage - the Japanese did not trust the Americans and viceversa, and the talks could have gone nowhere, allowing Japan to rebuild some forces, and counterattack.
Explanation:
