The answers I believe is c
Answer:
planets have a tendency to resist changes to their direction and speed of movement, This tendency to resist change is called inertia, and its interaction with the gravitational attraction of the sun is what keeps the planets of the solar system, including Earth, in stable orbits.
B. It encouraged exploration for a new trade route
It can be both
by improving transportation routes to Mecca
and
by improving sanitation and medical facilities