1. The leader of Jammu and Kashmir, Hari Singh, was a Hindu. When India was granted independence from Britain, initially he sought to keep his independence. He was given the option of which region he wished to join.The majority religion in Pakistan is Muslim. He chose to join with India as the majority religion in that region is also Hindu.
2.While Hari Singh was a Hindu, Jammu and Kashmir were a Muslim majority. Suspecting Singh would choose India, Pakistani tribesman invaded, forcing Singh to call on India for assistance.
The states contributed to rising inflation following the revolutionary war by "printing their own money," since this was before there was any system in the US that mandated a single, solis currency.
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The “exchange” introduced a wide range of new calorically rich staple crops to the Old World namely potatoes, sweet potatoes, maize, and cassava. The primary benefit of the New World staples was that they could be grown in Old World climates that were unsuitable for the cultivation of Old World staples.