In 1934 the Communists suffered huge losses against the nationalists in the Chinese Civil War. Faced with the prospect of annhilation the leaders of the Comunist army shose to start what is now called the Long March. This was a tactic of withdrawal into mountainous areas, some 2500 miles to the north and west. The purpose was simple: survival. By undertaking a tactical withdrawal the Communists could ensure that they still had an effective fighting force; could select easy to defend locations; could regroup and could ensure that the Nationalists supply lines were long and susceptible to attacks.
The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which brought an official end to the Mexican-American War<span> (1846–48), was signed on February 2, 1848, at Guadalupe Hidalgo, a town near Mexico City. The U.S. paid Mexico $15 million and absorbed another $3 million in debts, and acquired New Mexico, Arizona and California.</span>
<span>Hoover responded to the economic crisis with a goal of
getting people back to work rather than directly granting relief. In October
1930, he established the President's Emergency Committee for Employment to
offer employment. As the Great Depression deteriorated, Hoover tried new ideas
to stimulate the econom</span>y including the he Reconstruction
Finance Corporation<span> (RFC) (1932) provided credit to railroads, banks, and
other financial institutions and the Glass-Steagall
Act<span> (1932) which made access to commercial credit easier.</span></span>
Montgomery bus system needed African American riders and they didn’t ride the busses
The winds of revolution sweeping Egypt today aren’t the first that have ravaged that nation.
Most history textbooks open with a description of ancient Egypt as a towering civilization that, for more than a millennium, led mankind’s intellectual, political and cultural advancement. Each year, millions of visitors marvel at the pyramids jutting from Egypt’s dunes, at the mummified remains of the ancient pharaohs, and at Egypt’s mountains of other artifacts and relics—all testimony to the power the civilization once held.
But perhaps the most striking facet of Egyptian history is its precipitous fall.
Modern-day Egyptians, after all, are not descended from those ancient societies that constructed the Giza Pyramid Complex, the Great Sphinx, and other momentous structures. They have no connection to the early dynastic peoples that pioneered new frontiers in science, mathematics and art, and that once dominated the civilized world. Today’s Egypt is inhabited and ruled by Arabs; before that it was under British control; before that it was controlled by various Muslim peoples, including the Ottomans; before that it was the Romans; before that the Greeks; and before that the Persians.
Egypt has resurfaced intermittently in the past 2,500 years of world history,but always as the territory of a foreign nation or empire. What happened toancient Egypt—the unique and independent civilization established by the pharaohs, the nation that once reigned over mankind? That Egypt has clearly vanished.
