Convection currents in the mantle still had not been discovered at the time.
Answer:
THE ANSWER IS B) CLIMATOLOGY
The Arctic Ocean is the closest to 90 north latitude and the Southern Ocean is closest to the 90 south latitude. ( hope this helps) :]
Salutations!
A city and a forest are located in the same region. on a hot summer day, which would have cooler outdoor temperatures?
A forest would have a cooler outdoor temperature. Cities are usually hot due to "urban heat island". This means that the cars, building, factories and machinery etc all create heat inside and then pollute in the air, which makes the cities usually hot.
Hope I helped :D