Empirical is information or learning based on observation.
Humanism is the secular intellectualism based on Greek and Roman philosophy.
Secular is not spiritual or religious in nature.
Absolutism is a political system whose ruler is unchecked and absolute.
Monarch is a ruler for life or hereditary right.
Reform is to change or improve something by correcting for faults and abused.
The primary characteristic of a feudal society is the exchange of land for services.
The overlord will grant the vassal a land in exchange for the vassal's services. Services like fighting beside the lord in terms of war. Vassals have their own men and since the vassal is at the service of the overlord, his men is also at the service of the overlord.
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The great depression and the roaring 20s. The roaring 20s were a fun time that nobody cared how much money they spent and that created the great depression.
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Europeans needed spices because otherwise their food would taste rancid and gross. In a pre-refrigeration age, the only way to choke down spoiled meat would be to load it with plenty of cardamom or cloves.
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