Appomattox Courthouse <span />
Imperialists around the world used ideas of racial, national, and cultural superiority to justify imperialism. One of these ideas was Social Darwinism which was the belief that life consists of competitive struggles in which only the fittest survive. Social Darwinists felt that certain nations and races were superior to others and therefore destined to rule over inferior peoples and cultures. In an 1899 interview president McKinley explained "We could not give (the Philippines) back to Spain- that would be cowardly and dishonorable." instead he argued that the United States had no choice but to "take them all, and educate the Filipinos, and uplift and civilize...them.".
One of the most effective tools utilized by management was the introduction of scabs or replacement works. The purpose of any strikes is to destabilize the work regimen in a plant or factory to obtain concessions from management. Scabs disrupt this process by crossing picket lines and continuing the work process. In this way, the strike is essentially undermined. Moreover, the striking workers were not allowed to return and thus forfeited their jobs.
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Although the people who settled in Mesopotamia are often credited as the first civilization, new research shows that Aboriginal Australians are the oldest known civilization on Earth. The Aborigines can trace their ancestries back to about 75,000 years ago, but became a distinct genetic group around 50,000 years ago.
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