Assuming that the South Atlantic began forming 135 million years ago, and has been spreading steadily ever since, calculate the
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Answer:
DOWN
Explanation:
1. earthquakes, landslides, and tsunamis.
2. Many fossil comparisons along the edges of continents that look like they fit together suggest species similarities that would only make sense if the two continents were joined at some point in the past. There is a large amount of seismic, volcanic, and geothermal activity along the conjectured plate boundaries.
3. Continental crust is low in density whereas oceanic crust has a higher density. continental crust is thicker, on the contrary, the oceanic crust is thinner. Continental crust floats on magma freely but oceanic crust floats on magma scarcely. Continental crust cannot recycle whereas oceanic crust can recycle it.
4. Convection currents describe the rising, spread, and sinking of gas, liquid, or molten material caused by the application of heat. ... Tremendous heat and pressure within the earth cause the hot magma to flow in convection currents. These currents cause the movement of the tectonic plates that make up the earth's crust.
5. *the file*
6. Effects are often classified as primary and secondary impacts. Primary effects occur as a direct result of the ground shaking, eg buildings collapsing. Secondary effects occur as a result of the primary effects, eg tsunamis or fires due to ruptured gas mains.
7. Why are the effects of natural hazards generally less harmful in HICs than in LICs? Preparation and prediction in HICs are usually better than in LICs thus the effects are less harmful. HICs are generally wealthier thus they can afford better prediction technology.
8. Composite volcanoes are tall, steep cones that produce explosive eruptions. Shield volcanoes form very large, gently sloped mounds from effusive eruptions. Cinder cones are the smallest volcanoes and result from the accumulation of many small fragments of ejected material.
9. Scientists use a wide variety of techniques to monitor volcanoes, including seismographic detection of earthquakes and tremor that almost always precede eruptions, precise measurements of ground deformation that often accompanies the rise of magma, changes in volcanic gas emissions, and changes in gravity.
10. Volcanologists can predict eruptions—if they have a thorough understanding of a volcano's eruptive history if they can install the proper instrumentation on a volcano well in advance of an eruption, and if they can continuously monitor and adequately interpret data coming from that equipment.
11. People live close to volcanoes because Geothermal energy can be harnessed by using the steam from underground which has been heated by the Earth's magma. ... Apart from the volcano itself, hot springs and geysers can also bring in tourists. This creates many jobs for people in the tourism industry.
12. The best way to protect people from tectonic hazards is to look at the way we construct buildings and roads. Buildings can be designed to withstand the shaking of the earth and to limit the loss of life and damage caused.
13. Economists generally agree that economic development and growth are influenced by four factors: human resources, physical capital, natural resources and technology. Highly developed countries have governments that focus on these areas.
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