Answer:
During the country's formation process, America had to face a war of independence and several subsequent revolts that threatened to halt the development of the young nation. The Congress established by the Articles of Confederation did not work, and the Constitution of the United States was approved in 1787, creating a presidential system.
George Washington was unanimously elected as the first President of the United States in 1789, ruling 8 years until 1797, being replaced by his vice president, John Adams. President Washington did not believe in political parties as positive means of development of the nation, but instead thought that these only created divisions and internal conflicts. The truth is that, once Washington left power, internal conflicts began to emerge, thus emerging the first political sectors that would become political parties.
The Secretary of the Treasury of the Washington government, Alexander Hamilton, wanted to develop an economically powerful nation through centralized control of banking and monetary policy. He and his followers began to shape the Federalist Party, a party with strong elitist roots that sought a strong federal government, with full control over the nation's decisions.
On the other hand, other political sectors, led by Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson, believed that states should have an economic and political power that guaranteed them autonomy and freedom to make their own decisions, based on their own interests. They sought, then, a federal government not so strong, but one that governed in conjunction with the governments of each state. This political sector created the Democratic-Republican Party.
