1. The purpose was to control the labor and the behavior of former slaves and other African Americans.
2. Declared the Civil Rights Act
3. By Federal forces from the railroad schemes that took place in the south.
4. The Emancipation Proclamation freed African American in rebel states and the African Americans did not know how to be free while the White people did not know how to act around free colored people. Being free African Americans jumped at the chance of getting a free education and jobs as they now had to be treat equally to the whites.
5. They Abolished Slavery and came together as a Union, Established that the Federal Government had Superiority over the states and subjugated the south making them a lesser class.
6. For the White Northerners it was never about slavery vs. abolition its was about preservation of the union.
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The answer is The Rule of Reason
For Example, a Manufacture company May restrict the supply of a product in different geographic market only to existing Retailers so they can earn a higher profit which lead to them creating a better service to customers.
This policy can increase the demand of the Manufacturer's product
In the United States, depending on the context, the term “welfare” can be used to refer to means-tested cash benefits, especially the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program and its successor, the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families Block Grant, or it can be used to refer to all means-tested programs.