That's False desertification is causes by removal of natural vegetation
Perimeter is 46 because it is 8+16+6+4+12
To find the area split up the two shapes, the bigger one is 8 times 12 which is 96 then the second shape has an area of 4 times 6 which is 24, add those together and the area of the whole shape is 120.
D. all of the above
(oil spills and whatnot for the fuel).
