Emperor Qian Long is one of the most prominent figures at the course of the Manchuria-led Qing Dynasty. He promoted the isolation of China towards any other nations surrounding it and made the Chinese people thought that the Europeans were deceptive and are considered as "unsanitary."
Pretty sure it’s d if not then I am so sorry but I am 99.9% sure it’s d
It is a political principle which transcends nationalism and advocates a greater political or economic cooperation among nations and people , regularly the principals of any of the four Internationals