Literary analysis looks critically at a work of fiction in order to understand how the parts contribute to the whole. When analyzing a novel or short story, you'll need to consider elements such as the context, setting, characters, plot, literary devices, and themes.
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The definition of analysis is the process of breaking down a something into its parts to learn what they do and how they relate to one another. Examining blood in a lab to discover all of its components is an example of analysis.
In "The Fish I Didn't Catch," he "describes an autobiographical incident" in order to persuade his audience of the wisdom of his uncle's advice, but he does other things as well.