The name for all organisms that get their nutrients and energy from other organism are called parasites.
Activational effect is the correct answer.
Activational effect is an impermanent hormonal effect that leads to a change in physiological activity or behavior in both humans and adult animals. For instance, when testosterone levels rise in male songbirds they become more aggressive and tend to engage in courtship behavior. Also, a pregnant woman may get more emotional than usual due to an extra level of progesterone and estrogen during pregnancy.
2. club fungi
explanation:
Corn smut is caused by Ustilago maydis while wheat rust is caused by Puccinia triticina. Both Ustilago maydis and Puccinia triticina are classified under division Basidiomycota. Basidiomycota is also called as club fungi. These fungi form specific club-shaped fruiting bodies called basidia. Basidia are the site for the formation of basidiospores.
