Sediments compact under pressure, then they lose fluids, these fluids cement together and eventually becomes solid rock, this process is known as lithification.
Cementation is when fluids from the loose rocks bind themselves together. If the loosely bound rocks are inorganic, they form and turn to clastic rocks but if it contains organic matter, it is known as bioclastic.
In essence, this destructive phase of sedimentary rock formation is known as cementation and compaction.
The wind from the ocean keeps it cooler in summers. This is just a guess, but I think the sun reflecting on the ocean helps keep it warmer in the winter.
