It is an alphabet adapted from the Greeks that is used for Slavic languages.
Answer:
Until 1871, Germany consisted of a number of independent independent states of varying size and governance. The battles between the countries were numerous. A major cause was religious differences which resulted in, among other things, the thirty-year war in the 17th century. Another reason was changing alliances with neighboring states, mainly France.
After the Napoleonic Wars, the German states were united in 1815 in the German alliance with Austria as the dominant power. Nationalism spread throughout Europe in the 19th century, and so did the German states. Ideas of a united German empire began to take shape and two competing models developed. One was called Grossdeutschland ("Greater Germany") and included the multi-ethnic empire of Austria-Hungary. The other, called Kleindeutschland ("Little Germany"), would exclude Austria, be dominated by Prussia and gain a clear German majority. Through a more advanced industrialization and the German Customs Association (Zollverein), where Austria was not included because of its protectionist stance, Prussia became increasingly dominant in Germany economically and infrastructurally. After Prussia's victory against Austria in the German Unity War in 1866, the Little German solution won; Prussia took the dominant role in Germany and, when one was on the verge of victory in the Franco-German war, proclaimed the German Empire in 1871.
Ancient Greece was located in the Mediterranean region known as the Aegean Sea, this civilization was formed by 4 different geographic areas: 1) Peloponnese, this area was located in the southwestern peninsula and it only had a small part of land that connected it to the mainland, a famous city-state of this region is Sparta. 2) Central Greece, this area was above the Peloponnese, a famous city-State from this region is Athens. 3) Northern Greece, this big area grew -towards northeastern land thanks to conquest campaigns and was divided in 3 different sections: Thessaly, Epirus, and Macedonia. 4) A numerous groups of islands located in the Aegean Sea formed the last geographic area.
As the question says, the mountainous territory served as protections against invaders, but it also meant it was not easy to travel by land between regions, and that each city-State formed a particular way of life and culture. The regionalism in ancient Greece also implied a constant internal conflict between city-states like Sparta and Athens, and the inability of having a central government because of the big differences and conflicts between population.
