<span>The stated goal of the Crusades was to recapture the Holy Land from Muslim forces, but there were also many unstated goals which European lords and clergy strove to achieve. Originally, the pope had called for a crusade to capture important Christian holy sites, such as Jerusalem, from the forces of Muslim rulers.</span>
Because when people traveled along these trade routes they bought the plague with them infecting others along the way.
What happened in South Africa is that the regime fell under the international pressure (the correct answer is b). Some example of this international pressure were trade sanctions, prohibition for the officials to enter other countries and the lack of permission to fly over the airspace of other countries.
The words that would best fit the statement are taxes and spending taxes. Government earn money by the taxes imposed on people and taxes on products and services. From these, the government collect these taxes and, in return, spend it for the development of the nation.