Answer:
In bryophytes, the sporophyte is minute and dependent on the relatively prominent and nutritionally independent gametophyte for resources. The moss gametophyte looks like a miniature herb, with tiny leaf-like photosynthetic organs. The gametophyte generation begins as a dormant spore, which germinates under appropriate conditions to produce filamentous and branching protonemal tissues. These form multicellular bud-like structures, each of which develops into a leafy shoot. The mature gametophytes produce male and female sexual organs, the antheridia and archegonia, respectively. The gametophyte is often sexually distinct, and plants are either male or female.
Each antheridium has an outer layer that encloses and protects thousands of motile sperm, which swim through available external water layer to the egg. Fertilization at the base of the cylindrical archegonium produces a diploid zygote which develops into an unbranched sporophyte. The sporophyte consists of a thin stalk attached to the gametophyte, and a capsule that encloses the sporophytic meiotic cells.
In recent years, the mosses Physcomitrella patens and Funaria hygrometrica have emerged as attractive model systems for studying gene function in non-vascular plants because of the relative ease of molecular manipulation by homologous recombination. Mutants affecting gametophyte development have been isolated and their analysis should provide insights into the molecular basis of gametophyte development in mosses.
Explanation:
<span>De obicei, o colonie de miere de albine este format din trei tipuri de albine adulte, muncitori, drone și regina. Câteva mii de albine colaborează în construirea de cuiburi, colectarea de alimente și creșterea tinere. Fiecare grup de albine are propriile sale sarcini specifice pentru a finaliza, în ceea ce privește vârsta lor.
Sper ca asta ajuta! :)</span>
Answer: A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when the Sun, Earth, and the Moon are imperfectly aligned.
Explanation: During this occurance the Earth comes between the Sun and moon and blocks the sunlight from falling on the moon.
Exercise is the primary advice the coaches give to the athletes if they get a cold or any other infection. The main reason behind this advice is the fact that exercising strengthens the immunity of a person. When a person has an infection, the strengthening of the immune system will help his body to efficiently fight against the infectious pathogens. The blood circulation is increased which is involved in the enhancement of the acute immunity of the person.
