Hugo grotius was a 16th century scholar who was pretty critical to international law. whenever you research the question he’s the one who pops up everywhere.
Well, in general, world-wide I would say that the best answer is D. - political parties unite people who have the same views and would like to promote these views exercising political powers.
On a local scale, the parties need to follow laws (and in some countries, the law might only allow one party) and they might even only exist to support a certain candidate (but usually it's the other way: the candidate represents the party).
That would be a literacy test.
The correct answer is D) it can declare presidential actions unconstitutional.
<em>The Judicial branch checks the powers of the executive branch in that it can declare presidential actions unconstitutional.
</em>
In order to eliminate the possibility that one power had more faculties and could control the other two, the United States Constitution created a doctrine of System of Separation of Powers and a Check and Balance System. This way, the Constitution defines clearly the power of the Executive branch (the Presidency), the Legislative branch (the Congress), and the Judicial branch (the Supreme Court). In the case of the question, the Judicial branch checks the powers of the executive branch in that it can declare presidential actions unconstitutional.