They were “of low physical and mental standards.” They were “filthy.” They were “often dangerous in their habits.” They were “un-American.”
“The view was they could not fit into the American orientation toward progress and doing better, and would be forever manual laborers stuck at the very bottom,” Diner said of attitudes toward Southern Italians. She said Jews, by contrast, were viewed as “a little too successful, a little too pushy, getting on that American track too fast. They were viewed as competitors.”
Answer: B. Southern leaders like Tom Watson began an anti-Semitic campaign against Jewish businesses.
Explanation:
Leo Frank was an American Jew who was accused of killing 13-year-old, Mary Phagan who worked in a plant in which he was the Superintendent. The case saw a lot of anti-Semitism spread across the United States especially in the South as people believed that the Jews wanted Leo Frank freed regardless of whether he was guilty or innocent.
Tom Watson was a Southern leader from Georgia where he was the editor of the Jeffersonian. In response to his political rival supporting Leo Frank, he unleased an anti-Semitic campaign and spoke against Jewish businesses and when Frank was imprisoned instead of executed, called for Frank to be lynched.
The need for a stronger Federal government soon became apparent and eventually led to the Constitutional Convention in 1787. The present United States Constitution replaced the Articles of Confederation on March 4, 1789.
They are assigned an attorney by the court.
Clarence Gideon had been charged with a burglary in Florida, and the judge said he could not appoint an attorney for Mr. Gideon because the crime of which he was accused was not a capital offense. Gideon claimed he was entitled to be represented by counsel, but the judge did not agree. Gideon was convicted and went to state prison. From there, he appealed to the US Supreme Court in a suit against the Secretary of the Florida Department of Corrections. (By the time the case came before the Supreme Court, that was Louie L. Wainwright, thus "Gideon v. Wainwright.")
The Supreme Court agreed with Mr. Gideon's claim, and since then, all persons, whether in state or federal court, are entitled to the right to counsel and an attorney is appointed if they cannot afford to hire their own.
