The large number of areas covered by the chemical energetics can be explained by the different forms in which chemical energy can be released: heat and combustion work, electrical energy in electrochemistry, radiant energy in chemiluminescent systems.
The chemical energy provided by a reaction reflects the energy balance associated with the electronic modifications suffered by the species involved.
From an energy point of view, a chemical reaction between molecules can be schematized in two stages. The first requires a supply of energy and corresponds to the rupture of the bonds of the reactant molecules with release of the atoms which constitute them.
The second releases energy and concerns the creation, by recombination of these atoms, of new bonds entering the structure of the reaction molecules.
As a general rule, the energy released in the second stage is greater than the first. We are talking about exothermic reaction. The difference between these two energies (reaction enthalpy) measures the amount of chemical energy transferred to the external environment.
It is conceivable that this quantity translates, not only the number, but also the strength of the connections involved.
The correct answers are: the insertion of a DNA sequence into the targeted gene and deletions of the targeted gene
Cas9 is an enzyme endonuclease (which means it cuts nucleotides) that is part of the CRISPR-Cas9 complex- genome editing tool that can remove, add or alter sections of the DNA sequence.
Cas9 recognize the sequence that is going to be cut thanks to guide RNA- pre-designed RNA sequence complementary to sequence of interest. DNA repair machinery will try to fix the “damage” but it can add (insert) or delete some nucleotides.
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Weathering is a process that breaks down or changes rocks into smaller
pieces. Various atmospheric aspects are responsible for weathering
processes. Weathering is different from erosion. Erosion is the movement
of rock pieces and sediment from one area to another. Weathering is the
breaking down of rocks and erosion is a wearing away of rocks. There
are two main types of weathering: physical (or mechanical) weathering
and chemical weathering. Quite often, both forms of weathering will
occur together
Physical weathering is also known as mechanical weathering. This type of
weathering occurs when rocks and other landforms are broken down by
physical factors in the environment. These physical factors include
wind, water, sun, ice and temperature changes
