Answer:
Escalation of commitment or commitment bias.
Explanation:
Escalation of commitment is a human behavior pattern in which an individual or group facing increasingly negative outcomes from a decision, action, or investment nevertheless continues the behavior instead of altering course; meaning the individual or business continues to invest additional resources in an apparently losing proposition, influenced by effort, money, and time already invested. The group/individual maintains behaviors that are irrational, but align with previous decisions and actions. Economists and behavioral scientists use a related term, sunk-cost fallacy, to describe the justification of increased investment of money or effort in a decision, based on the cumulative prior investment ("sunk cost") despite new evidence suggesting that the future cost of continuing the behavior outweighs the expected benefit.
Potential GDP (gross domestic product) is an estimate of what the economy would product using a high rate of their resources. In this case, we just need to add the actual GDP with the negative GDP to get the potential GDP.
$500 bil + $10 bil = $510 bil
Answer:Maria, a supervisor at a petrochemical plant, asks the plant superintendent to hire an additional worker whenever overtime hours for the previous month increase by more than 15 percent over the headcount. It is a programmed decision.
Explanation:
It is an example of a programmed decision. It is a decision that is actually repeated and we can take it easily by those rules of a business that have already been established.
These are the routine decisions that can be taken easily without wasting time. Like Maria asked the plant superintendent to hire an additional worker whenever overtime increases more than by 15% over the headcount. So it a routine decision.
Answer:
Selective Dropout
Explanation:
According to my research on different research concerns and common issues, I can say that based on the information provided within the question Dr. Salahma needs to be concerned about Selective Dropout. Like mentioned in the question this term refers to the tendency of some individuals to drop out of a study. Which can make the results of that study completely invalid. Which is what seemed to have happened in the first few trials of the experiment mentioned in the question.
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