Answer:
As a metabolic heat.
Explanation:
The loss of energy from one trophic level to the next in a food chain occurs because energy is lost in the form of heat when the organisms from one trophic level are consumed by organisms from the next level. Only 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to another while the remaining 90% energy is lost in the form of heat energy in the ecosystem.
The medulla, pons, and the cerebellum are three main parts of the hindbrain.
Brain is the centre of the nervous system. It is enclosed in the skull cranium. The primary regions of the brain are the forebrain, midbrain and the hindbrain. The forebrain consists of the cerebrum and diencephalon. The midbrain is a small tubular region between the forebrain and the hindbrain. The hindbrain is made up of the medulla oblongata, pons and cerebellum.
Cerebellum is the second largest portion of the brain which helps in maintaining the body's equillibrium, coordinates muscular movements and body posture. Pons is the structure located in the brain stem which relays impulses from medulla to cerebellum and vice versa. Medulla oblongata is the lowest part of the brain stem controlling involuntary reflexes and has the respiratory and cardiac centres in it controlling respiration and heart beats respectively.
The magnitude of the work done by the electric field of the membrane is <u>W = 1.28 × 10⁻²⁰ Joules</u>.
We start with the necessity to take into account a value for the voltage present there in order to solve this problem by first considering that the membranes have two layers, one internal and one external, each responsible for producing a potential difference between the two levels.
As a result, in order to find a solution, it is necessary to take into account the potential difference between the two surfaces. In this instance, we'll assume a particular value for the load, but the recipient is free to substitute a different value if they prefer.
The product of the potential difference and the charge is used to define the work that an electric field performs. The charge of the potassium ion will be equal to that of its electron, so,
q = 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ Coulombs
Then the Work would be:
W = Vq
Here,
v = Potential difference
q = Charge
The 80mV potential difference we will have is quantified as follows:
W = (80mV (1V/1000mV))( 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ C)
W = 1.28 × 10⁻²⁰ Joules is the amount of work that the membrane's electric field has produced.
Find more on work done at : brainly.com/question/25573309
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Answer:
Retinoblastoma is more common in people due to the mutation of RB gene in them.
Explanation:
Retinoblastoma is a disease that affects the eyes of an individual. It is more commonly eye cancer which occurs on the retina of the eye. Retinoblastoma mainly affects younger children.
When the RB gene is mutated or it is deleted already on any one of a homologous chromosomes, then only one hit rather that two which is needed to cause the development of retinoblastoma and hence the probability is of retinoblastoma to occur is higher in the individuals who have already inherited the RB deletion and also have a genetic predisposition for the retinoblastoma.
