Good luck buddy try paying your friend a dollar always works for me.
Supporting details can do all of the enlisted options except introduce the main idea. Supporting details are there to support the main idea, so of course they cannot introduce it. They are the result of the main idea, not its creator.
In both inference and observation, you have to monitor or observe something.
Here's one example, you can build on it:
Sherlock Holmes 'observed' the scene below him.
His 'inference' was based on the evidences given to him.
Here's the definition of both of them...
the action or process of closely observing or monitoring something or someone is called observation.
a conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning is inference.
The answer is the c option
I want to say it's B, that's the only one I can think that's relevant to the research