It is D, the ottoman empire. It' not A because the byzantine's were part of the ottoman empire. The Mongols were eastern asia so that wouldn't be it. And the roman empire had already fell by the time the Ottoman empire had rose. So you have your answer! Hope I helped. :)
It was a book made by Barbra E.Khan
He defeated many countries/ states or whatever and he let people stay there but when they would trade with other places the culture would spread and after attacking Alex would then spread that culture with them.
Hope it helps
Answer:
The first king to unite the separate city-states was Etana, ruler of Kish (c. 2800 bce).
Explanation: