Outlining would be the best note-taking method for algebra.
I’m not even going to pretend to answer this question i’m just going to comment
The basic idea of this quote )and the lines that come before it) is that one must live life to the fullest extent possible. Thoreau is giving this as his reason for coming out into the woods. He doesn't want to be in the position where, when he's about to die, he realizes that he never really lived.