The answer is D. heat flow and the movement of material inside the Earth
That is the only really obvious answer since it's basically talking about plate tectonics.
Humans impact the physical environment in many ways: overpopulation, pollution, burning fossil fuels, and deforestation. Changes like these have triggered climate change, soil erosion, poor air quality, and undrinkable water.
Half the mountain collapsed.
Hope this helps!
~C