It's a leading question, as cross-Atlantic trips carrying slaves would be European of all kinds. Though vikings usually enslaved people from the Baltic area but had slaves (thralls, in Danish; "trælle") from just about everywhere.
The Dutch and Belgians were far nastier than most nords, as at some point the Spanish and the Germans. Not to mention the old empire of the queen.
<span>These amendments were virtually ignored in the South and did not contribute to the equal status of blacks until the middle of the 20th century.</span>
I believe the answer is Gold.
Gold was a very hot commodity at that time because before we use paper/digital money like today, Gold was made as material to make a type of money with more intrinsic value.
The abundance of this natural resources led to many European empire came and started their colonization in AFrica.
England or america i think
It does not apply to executive orders.