Answer:
Explanation:
Journalist, reformer. A founder of modern Muslim anti-colonialism, he advocated a religious and cultural revival to counteract European influence. Jamal al-Din Afghani is considered to be the founding father of Islamic modernism. His place of birth, which has become a source of long-standing controversy, is not known, but he received his early education in various religious schools near Kabul, Afghanistan and Tehran, Iran. He went to India in 1855-6 to continue his studies. In 1870, he traveled to Istanbul where he received a warm welcome from Ottoman officials and intellectuals who were instrumental in the creation of reforms. Afghani went to Egypt in 1871 and remained there for the next eight years, during which time he began to spread his philosophical and political ideas through classes and public lectures.
In 1886, he was invited by Shah Nasir al-Din to Iran and offered the position of special adviser to the Shah, which he accepted. Afghani, however, was critical of the Shah’s policies, and this differing of opinion forced Afghani to leave Iran for Russia in 1886, where he remianed until 1889. In 1889 on his way to Paris, Afghani met Shah Nasir al-Din in Munich and was offered the position of grand vizier. Although he accepted, Afghani’s unabated criticisms of the rule and conduct of the Shah led to his eventual deportation from Iran in the winter of 1891. Afghani was later implicated in the murder of Shah Nasir al-Din in 1896.
Afghani spent the last part of his life in Istanbul under the patronage and, later surveillance of Sultan ‘Abd al-Hamid II. The demands for Afghani’s extradition by the Iranian officials for his alleged involvement in the assassination of Shah Nasir al-Din were rejected by ‘Abd al-Hamid who collaborated with Afghani in the implementation of his political program of pan-Islamism or Islamic unity, "ittihad-i islam." Afghani sent a number of letters to various Islamic countries and leaders to mobilize and unite them against British rule, while at the same time trying to establish the foundations of a mutual rapprochement between the Sunnis and the Shi`ites. Despite his efforts to unite Muslims, ‘Abd al-Hamid eventually grew suspicious of Afghani’s meetings with Arab leaders and the British officials in Istanbul, and his policy of supporting Afghani changed, not permitting him to leave the country. Not long after on March 9, 1897, Afghani died of cancer and was buried in Istanbul.
<span>According to the "domino" theory, if one nation adopted Communism, nearby nations would be likely to adopt it as well, since this resembled one single domino knocking over many more. </span>
The discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls in the late 1940s contains the copies that they predate the birth of Christ of old testament books.
In 1947 Muhammad, a Bedouin shepherd discovered the scrolls in several sealed jars, he collected the best seven scrolls. The scrolls were written in Hebrews. Upon studying, they found eleven caves containing ancient documents and fragments.
Answer:
The answer is D
Explanation:
The answer is D because the 24th amendment prohibits any poll tax in elections for federal officials. Which means it's illegal to make someone pay to vote in an election.
People were able to see what the presidential candidates actually looked like. People wanted a healthier looking president and Nixon looked unwell because of the light. TV allowed the public to see their leader or leader-to-be.