They are called fringing reefs. They grow directly from shore and form borders along the shoreline.
When a fringing reef continues to grow upward from a volcanic island that has sunk entirely below the sea level, an atoll is formed. Atolls are usually circular or oval in shape, with an open lagoon in the center.
The fringing reef is the most common type of coral reef. They however tend to be very sensitive to human induced pollution in the water and are easily destroyed by such.
circle of latitude are unlike circle of longitude which are all great circle with the centre of the earth in the middle as the circle of latitude get get the smaller as the distance from the equator increase the 60th parallel parallel North or South is half as long as the equator so the latitude of a circle but longitude are only half circle
The atmosphere and Earth's interior are layered by density. Gravity pulls more strongly on denser materials so denser materials are at the center of things. Earth's core, at its center, is denser than its crust.
The reddish-orange colour of weathering of volcanic ash is most likely due to its iron sulfide content which oxidizes to iron oxide so that limonite is yellow and hematite is red and in ash since it is such fine grained material it weathers more rapidly because it has a large surface area.
<span>Internal deformation is
one of the major mechanisms through which a glacier flows. This process occurs
due to the overlying weight of the glacier that leads to the deformation of ice
crystals. Since the pressure is highest at the glacier bed, this process takes
place at that point. The mechanism of movement is usually determined by the
type of glacier.</span>
