The Immigration Act of 1924 was a US law that resulted in the development of a quota system for individuals trying to enter the US.
The US only allowed a certain number of immigrants from each country as a means to control immigration and the type of immigrants received. For example, there were only 165,000 immigrants total allowed in the US during the year. This included 51,227 allowed from Germany, 34,007 from Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and 5,982 from Poland. These are just a few examples of numbers for different countries.
The third one I think. A committee would represent several opinions.
Back then samurais were needed for protection and/or war, the imperial palace would have them serve as guards, and some Lords or higher ups would have them go into battle, but now Higher ups and the emperor’s have highly trained body guards so there is no need for samurais.