1. C because of the sensory details, Plunging and gloom.
2. A the calmness of the sea...
The answer is personification
Why?:
Personification- when a thing or an animal acts like humans
In this case landscape "listens", they don' t listen and then Shadows "holds" their breath, Shadows can't HOLD THEIR BREATH!!
I hope this helps!
Is there certain options or can I use whatever word?