What Thomas Paine may have meant by that is that government is necessary for social and political change. Based off of enlightenment ideas such as unalienable rights and revolutions in the america’s, People have the right to life, liberty, and property. This led to revolutions in Haiti inspired by what happened in the United states a couple years back and the French Revolution. This “necessary evil” could be representing how bad things need to happen in order to make humanity progress because without it, humanity would most likely never learn and not be as developed as it is now.
Prohibition is the era in American history when the sale, disruption, and manufacturing of alcohol was illegal. Since selling alcohol was illegal, anyone that wanted to get alcohol was now breaking the law. However whenever there is a good/resource people want, even if it is illegal, they will pay a significant amount of money for it.
When this is the case, people will risk almost anything to make a huge profit. This is why crime and violence increase during Prohibition. Organized crime rings, lead by people like Al Capone, start to form. Due to the high demand of alcohol by American citizens, there became a huge competition between different organized crime groups for customers. Rival gangs would end up in shootouts (like the Valentine's Day Massacre).
Answer:
Muslim merchants migrated east to the land of Tang, Changan and other Chinese cities, Some merchants returned to their lands but others remained in those lands with the Tang emperor's permission and also allowed them to marry Chinese women. In Islam, Muslim children were also Muslims and the religion in the East rose.
