Rock often takes "thousands to millions of years" to change into one sort of rock.
The rock cycle is the process in which the three types of rocks—igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic—are continuously changed. Increased temperature and/or pressure are necessary for the conversion of rocks to their metamorphic state, while sedimentary rocks and igneous rocks are formed through the intermediary stages of magma and sediments, respectively.
When sedimentary rocks are extensively buried under more sediments, higher pressure without a temperature rise is created. This happens in subduction zones and regions where two continental lithosphere plates meet to form mountain ranges. When rocks are elevated, worn, and eroded, the resulting detrital material is deposited in marine or terrestrial basins, producing sediments. The sediments may lithify to form a sedimentary rock if they are buried behind more sedimentary layers. When rocks melt, magma is created. When a mid-ocean ridge opens up and causes decompression melting in the asthenosphere underneath it, this melting can take place. It can also happen when a lithospheric plate sinks into the Earth's crust at a subduction zone. Upon the magma's formation, it becomes an igneous rock.
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