Empirical is information or learning based on observation.
Humanism is the secular intellectualism based on Greek and Roman philosophy.
Secular is not spiritual or religious in nature.
Absolutism is a political system whose ruler is unchecked and absolute.
Monarch is a ruler for life or hereditary right.
Reform is to change or improve something by correcting for faults and abused.
Eastern Europe I think.... not 100% sure
The Seattle longitudinal study of cognitive development discovered that among older people (d.) higher socioeconomic status is associated with higher levels of intellectual functioning. Interacting socially and economically is a great factor in keeping up your intelligence up to date.