Answer:
Major economic change was spurred by western Europe’s tremendous population growth during the late 18th century, extending well into the 19th century itself. Between 1750 and 1800, the populations of major countries increased between 50 and 100 percent, chiefly as a result of the use of new food crops (such as the potato) and a temporary decline in epidemic disease. Population growth of this magnitude compelled change. Peasant and artisanal children found their paths to inheritance blocked by sheer numbers and thus had to seek new forms of paying labor. Families of businessmen and landlords also had to innovate to take care of unexpectedly large surviving broods. These pressures occurred in a society already attuned to market transactions, possessed of an active merchant class, and blessed with considerable capital and access to overseas markets as a result of existing dominance in world trade.
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D. Muhammad meditated in a cave outside Mecca
Explanation:
- Because he lived in an area that was geographically an important crossroads of trade routes, and often traveled by caravans, he was familiar with the practices and beliefs of Christians living in oases in southern Arabia and Jews living in and around Medina, along with Mecca, an important center in the Arabian Peninsula.
- Biographers generally state that in the period before receiving the announcement, Muhammad, like his grandfather, practiced going to solitude for meditation during the month of Ramadan (which is the name of the ninth month in the Arabic lunar calendar).
- Most often he lived in a cave known as Ghar Hira ("Cave of Finding") at the top of Mount Jebelunur ("Mountain of Light").
- It is believed that sometime in 610, when he was forty, Muhammad began to receive a revelation from God, precisely in that cave, through the melee (angel) of Jibril. On one of the last nights of Ramadan Melek Jibril addressed Muhammad with his first announcement.
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The checks and balances were created to ensure that the U.S. government never became a dictatorship. The checks and balances limit the amount of power that each branch can have.
The Gupta empire lasted one hundred years while the Aryan empire lasted three hundred years.
Answer:
Explanation:
On March 3, 1918, in the city of Brest-Litovsk, located in modern-day Belarus near the Polish border, Russia signed a treaty with the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria) ending its participation in World War I (1914-18). With the November 11, 1918, armistice ending World War I and marking the Allies’ victory over Germany, the treaty was annulled. By the terms of the 1919 Treaty of Versailles, Germany was forced to give up its territorial gains from the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.