<span>The answer is homeostasis.</span>
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<span>Homeostasis is a mechanism which controls internal conditions of an organism so that internal conditions remain stable without regard to the external conditions. So, it regulates body temperature, water level, sugar level, etc. It works through negative feedback mechanism. For example, if body temperature is increased, the body detects the change and activate mechanisms that decrease body temperature. Without homeostasis, the organisms could not survive.</span>
Protein is made up of subunits and each subunit is made up of polypeptides molecules . Called Amino acids .
Answer:
The correct answer is a. can be activated by the release of epinephrine.
Explanation:
Epinephrine is a hormone and neurotransmitter naturally secreted by the body through the adrenal glands, synthesized and stored in the adrenal medulla and released into the systemic circulation. Epinephrine is a non-selective adrenergic agonist, stimulating alpha1-, alpha2, beta1, and beta2-adrenergic receptors. The systemic actions of catecholamines are mediated by the binding of these compounds to plasma membrane receptors, of the GPCR type widely distributed throughout the body and known as adrenergic receptors, which are activated by the catecholamines adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline . These receptors cause different effects depending on the G protein subtypes to which they are associated and the signal transduction mechanism linked to the specific G protein.
A phosphate group is a functional group that typically has a negative charge at the pH of the cell.
- Phosphate groups contain a negative charge at physiological cell pH.
- DNA nucleotides are composed of a phosphate group, thereby exhibiting a negative charge.
- The phosphate group is also fundamental in Adenosine triphosphate or ATP (the energy coin of the cell).
In conclusion, a phosphate group is a functional group that typically has a negative charge at the pH of the cell.
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Elements [or radicals] with valency one are monovalent, those with valency two are divalent, and those with valency three are trivalent.
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What is the Valency of an Element / Radical?
Valency Divalent [2]
Element / Radical Oxide [Oxygen]
Symbol O
Ion O2-
