You do not have to own stocks to be affected by the stock market. The stock market affects the economy which can affect your job. For example, if the stock market causes a recession, then the recession can affect your job or your career.
It would effect you if you were in stocks, but also if you are not. Stocks are like supply and demand. So, if stock drop, there are a low supply, meaning they cost more overall. So if the stocks of, lets say, Apple falls, all Apple products will cost more due to the lack of the amount. Sorry this is so short, but that is the basic answer.
