It's summarizing when a passage is shortening by only focusing in the main points.
There is only one sentence which needs a semicolon added to be correct, and that is <span>5) Water is not everywhere it's miles away.
As you can see, the way this sentence is written, something seems wrong - words are just mixed around incoherently. This is why we need a semicolon to make things more accurate: Water is not everywhere; it's miles away. </span>
Answer:
proclaimed that black Americans had an inferior intelligence because of genetic differences between black and white Americans
Explanation:
I'm sorry but could you ask the question more specifically? It does not make sense reading it out now. :) I would be happy to help if written more clearly though!