Answer: Statement 1, statement 2 and statement 5.
Explanation: 1. Neoplasia is the formation and growth of abnormal tissue. It is an uncontrolled growth of cell not under physiologic control. While malignant neoplasms are cancerous cells, non malignant neoplasms are not cancers and thus, neoplasms cannot be another term for cancers.
2. There are people who are born with a genetic mutation, inherited, which predisposes them to be at a higher risk for cancers.
Scientists assets that inherited genetic mutation only factors in about 5-10% of all cancers which is still in the minority.
3. Yes. Viruses can cause cancers. Researchers have linked the cause of some cancers to several viruses for example, the human papilloma virus have been shown to cause cervical cancer, hepatitis B and C viruses have been shown to cause liver cancers and the Epstein Barr Virus to cause the nasopharyngeal cancers.
4. Yes. The p53 Gene is responsible for tumor suppression by coding for a protein regulating cell cycle. A mutation in p53 makes the gene unable to regulate cell cycle and proliferation and thus increases the risk of cancer in an individual.
5. Melanoma's are caused by a combination of factors. Although doctors speculate it to be because of several UV lights and radiations, the fact that melanoma can occurs in parts of the skin not exposed to sunlight and radiations counters that argument.
Although ionizing radiations can increase a person's susceptibility to melanoma, it is not the chief cause of it. The main cause of melanoma is not yet known.
