<span>McCulloch v. Maryland, 17 U.S. (4 Wheat.) 316 (1819), was a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States. The state of Maryland
had attempted to impede operation of a branch of the Second Bank of the
United States by imposing a tax on all notes of banks not chartered in Maryland.</span>
Theme: Censorship of books.
The New Laws<span> were a series of royal ordinances designed to halt the abuses of the encomienda system, particularly in Peru.
Natives were to have their rights as citizens of Spain and could not be forced to work if they did not want to. Reasonable tribute could be collected, but any additional work was to be paid for.
Existing encomiendas would pass to the crown upon the death of the encomendero, and no new encomiendas were to be granted.
Furthermore, anyone who abused natives or who had participated in the conquistador civil wars could lose their encomiendas. The king approved the laws and sent a Viceroy, Blasco Núñez Vela, to Lima with clear orders to enforce them.</span>
The Victoria was a ship and the voyage was led by the famous Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan.
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It was a major battle in the Pacific during Word War
II. The Americans wanted to capture the
island to establish a base of operations to invade Japan. Still it was a hard fought battle and many
soldiers on both sides lost their lives.
Eventually the war came to an end when the Americans dropped the atomic
bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
